Anthropology

School/College: College of Letters and Science

Degrees Conferred:

• MS in Anthropology
• PhD in Anthropology

Contents

• Graduate Faculty
• Master of Science in Anthropology
• Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology
• Courses

Related Certificate

• Certificate in Museum Studies

Overview

The Department of Anthropology offers programs of graduate study designed to provide a broad background in all significant facets of the discipline—biological as well as cultural, analytic as well as descriptive—while still encouraging specialization. It provides training both for students interested in an academic career in anthropology and for those concerned with practical issues approached from the integrative perspective of anthropology.

The department, in cooperation with the Milwaukee Public Museum, also offers a program leading to a Certificate in Museum Studies. The Milwaukee Public Museum, the fourth largest natural history museum in the country, is the site for methods courses that provide the student practical experience in museum work and for courses in the history and theory of museum exhibits. Each student's program of studies includes training in anthropological theory and methods, issues and problems in cultural anthropology, archaeology, anthropological linguistics and physical anthropology, as well as topics that focus on the student's area of particular interest.

MS/MLIS Coordinated Degree Program

In cooperation with the School of Information Studies, the Department of Anthropology offers a MS/MLIS program (51 credits) to prepare students for positions as curators of museum libraries, and as information specialists and researchers for local history collections and state historical societies. Students enrolled in this program concurrently pursue the MS degree in Anthropology (21 credits in Anthropology) and the MLIS degree (30 credits in SOIS). Candidates for the coordinated degree program will be expected to fulfill the degree requirements of both programs. Degrees will be awarded simultaneously.

Graduate Faculty

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Professors

Anapol, Fred, Ph.D., State University of New York at Stony Brook

Gray, J. Patrick, Ph.D., University of Colorado, Chair

Jeske, Robert, Ph.D., Northwestern University

Turner, Trudy, Ph.D., New York University

Washabaugh, William, Ph.D., Wayne State University

Associate Professors

Ajirotutu, Cheryl S., Ph.D., University of California-Berkeley

Applbaum, Ingrid Jordt, Ph.D., Harvard University

Applbaum, Kalman Ph.D., Harvard University

Arnold, Bettina, Ph.D., Harvard University

Brodwin, Paul, Ph.D., Harvard University

Fredlund, Glen, Ph.D., University of Kansas

Heatherington, Tracey, Ph.D., Harvard University

Hudson, Jean, Ph.D., University of California-Santa Barbara

Malaby, Thomas, Ph.D., Harvard University

Assistant Professors

Bornstein, Erica, Ph.D., University of California-Irvine

Perley, Bernard, Ph.D., Harvard University

Sherman, R. Jason, Ph.D., University of Michigan

Villamil, Laura, Ph.D., University of Michigan

Associate Scientists

Richards, John, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Richards, Patricia, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Master of Science in Anthropology

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Admission

An applicant must meet Graduate School requirements plus these departmental requirements to be considered for admission to the program:

1. An undergraduate major in anthropology comparable to that at UWM.
2. Three letters of recommendation.
3. A writing sample such as a relevant term paper, article submission, etc.
4. Submission of scores from the General Test of the Graduate Record Examination.

Applicants without an undergraduate major in anthropology can meet the first requirement in either of two ways:

1. By having completed junior-level courses in three of the four subfields of anthropology (archaeology, biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, and linguistics) with grades of B or better. These courses may be taken at any accredited college or university if they were not part of the applicant's undergraduate career. Applicants also may take them as special students at UWM. Applicants planning to take such courses should check with the Director of Graduate Studies to verify that the courses will be acceptable. Students admitted to the program lacking an undergraduate class in archaeology, biological anthropology, or cultural anthropology must take a U/G class in that subfield before taking the core class or advanced seminar in that subfield.
2. Applicants lacking courses in anthropology may be admitted to the program and be allowed to take the core classes and advanced seminars without deficiencies under certain conditions. For example, an applicant with an outstanding GPA or very high GRE scores who has an undergraduate major closely related to his or her proposed field of specialization could be admitted under this option.

Students are expected to satisfy deficiency requirements within three semesters of enrolling in the program. Deficiencies are monitored by the Graduate School and the Director of Graduate Studies. No course credits earned in making up deficiencies may be counted as program credits required for the degree.

Application deadlines for admission to the program are January 15th for the following Fall semester and September 15th for the following Spring semester. Applicants requesting financial assistance may have other deadlines to be considered eligible. Contact the department's Director of Graduate Studies for specific financial aid deadlines.

Major Professor as Advisor

The student must have a major professor to advise and supervise the student's studies as specified in Graduate School regulations. A student selects an advisor, in consultation with the Director of Graduate Studies, by the end of the first semester of the program.

Credits and Courses

Students in the Master's degree program in Anthropology are required to take a minimum of 30 credits, some of which are obtained by taking required courses. Required courses differ by concentration (requirements for students seeking to acquire a Certificate in Museum Studies are listed on that page.

Archaeology concentration:

Core courses (12 Credits)

Anthro 801

Anthro 802

Anthro 803

Anthro 804

Methods courses (6 Credits)

Anthro 568 (required)

Anthro 562 (or alternative)

Advanced seminar (3 Credits)

Anthro 942

Electives (9 Credits)

Biological Anthropology concentration

Core courses (12 Credits)

Anthro 801

Anthro 802

Anthro 803

Anthro 804

Methods courses (6 Credits)

Anthro 568 (required)

Anthro 701 (or alternative)

Advanced seminar (3 Credits)

Anthro 950 (or alternative)

Electives (9 Credits)

Cultural Anthropology concentration

Core courses (12 Credits)

Anthro 801

Anthro 802

Anthro 803

Anthro 804

Methods courses (6 Credits)

Anthro 560 and/or 561 and/or 568

Advanced seminar (3 Credits)

Anthro 940 (or alternative)

Electives (9 Credits)

Linguistic Anthropology concentration

Core courses (12 Credits)

Anthro 801

Anthro 802

Anthro 803

Anthro 804

Methods courses (6 Credits)

Anthro 560 and/or 561 and/or 568 (or alternative)

Advanced seminar (3 Credits)

Anthro 969 (or alternative)

Electives (9 Credits)

Alternatives for methods and advanced seminars must be approved by the student's major professor.

Students may request a waiver for any of the above required courses except the advanced seminar. A waiver is requested by submitting a letter to the Graduate Studies Committee. Requests for waivers must be accompanied by documentation demonstrating that the student is competent in the subject area of the course for which the waiver is sought. A waived course must be replaced by an anthropology course numbered 700 or above.

Students must maintain a B (3.0) average or better overall. The four core courses must be completed with an average of 3.0 or better and with no grade below a B . Students with a grade below a B in a core course who are subsequently accepted into the Ph.D. program must retake the course until they achieve a grade of B or better.

A thesis is required of all students; students may apply up to 6 credits of Research/Thesis courses toward meeting the minimum credits for the degree. The thesis must be formatted in accord with Graduate School requirements. Students will submit one copy of the thesis to the Graduate School and a second copy (unbound) to the Department of Anthropology.

Thesis Defense

The student must pass an oral thesis defense. The examination committee must consist of at least three individuals, with a majority being members of the Anthropology Department.

Time Limit

The student must complete all degree requirements within five years of initial enrollment.

Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology

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Admission

An applicant must meet Graduate School requirements plus the following departmental requirements to be considered for admission to the program:

1. A general master's degree in anthropology or equivalent preparation without the master's degree. An applicant with a master's degree in another field may be admitted if the student has a grade point average of 3.0 (4.0 scale) in graduate work and is approved by the departmental Graduate Admissions Committee.
2. Three letters of recommendation.
3. A writing sample such as a relevant term paper, article submission, etc.
4. Submission of scores from the General Test of the Graduate Record Examination.

The department assigns each PhD student to a major professor. This assignment is based on the congruence of the applicant's interest and the expertise of the major professor. No applicant will be admitted to the program unless a faculty member agrees to serve as major professor.

Application deadlines for admission to the program are January 15th for the following Fall semester and September 15th for the following Spring semester. Applicants requesting financial assistance may have other deadlines to be considered eligible. Contact the department's graduate advisor for specific financial aid deadlines.

Reapplication

A student who receives the master's degree must formally reapply for admission to the Graduate School before continuing studies toward the PhD.

Residence

The student must meet minimum Graduate School residence requirements.

Course of Study

Minimum degree requirement is 54 graduate credits beyond the bachelor's degree, at least 27 of which must be earned in residence at UWM.

The student, in consultation with the major professor, must plan a program of studies as soon as feasible after admission to the doctoral program. The program of studies must include a complement of courses in the student's major area of concentration, courses in a minor field, and demonstration of the acquisition of an approved specialized scholarly skill. A student lacking any of the courses (or equivalents taken elsewhere) required to attain a Master's degree in his/her major area of concentration must complete these courses as part of his/her Ph.D. work.

Minor

This requirement may be satisfied by minor options A or B (see general regulations and requirements of the Graduate School) or by a third option consisting of a sub-program of specialized coursework still within the broad field of anthropology. This third option must be approved by the Graduate Studies Committee. Foreign language or specialized scholarly skill This requirement may be satisfied by demonstrating the following:

• Proficiency in a foreign language useful in the student's career.
• Proficiency in mathematical, statistical, or computer skills.
• Proficiency in other skills that meet departmental approval.

Field or laboratory research A student must spend a period of at least three months in firsthand field or laboratory research.

Doctoral Preliminary Examination and Dissertation Proposal Defense

The student must pass an oral doctoral preliminary examination as one of the qualifications for dissertation status. Students will choose two to four topics in consultation with their advisor for the Preliminary Examination. The topics must be broader than, but related to the focus of the student's dissertation. The topics must be approved by the Department's Graduate Studies Committee and the Department faculty. The preliminary examination must be passed within five years of initial enrollment for a student to be eligible to continue in the program.

Another requirement that must be met before a student is eligible for dissertation status is a successful dissertation proposal defense before the student's doctoral committee.

Dissertation

The candidate must prepare a dissertation reporting in the candidate's own style the results of an original research investigation representing a substantive creative contribution.

Dissertation Defense

As the final step toward the degree, the candidate must pass an oral examination before his/her doctoral committee in defense of the dissertation.

Public Lecture

Each student is required to present a public lecture on the subject of his/her dissertation.

Time Limit

All degree requirements must be completed within ten years from the date of initial enrollment in the doctoral program.

Additional Graduate School PhD requirements

Courses

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Courses numbered 300-699 are Undergraduate/Graduate. Courses numbered 700 and above are Graduate only.

302 Anthropology and Popular Culture. 3 cr. U/G.

Aspects of popular culture including music, information technology, tourism, and film, video, and museum-spectacles in light of anthropological theory. Prereq: jr st; grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score of 637 or higher on EPT.

304 (effective 01/25/2010) Violence and Warfare in Prehistory. 3 cr. U/G.

Archaeological evidence for the origin and maintenance of violence and warfare in prehistory. How archaeological inquiry is affected by current politics, ethics, and morality. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

305 The Celtic World. 3 cr. U/G.

Archaeology, folklore and literature of the Celtic peoples in the British Isles and on the continent, explored and analyzed from an anthropological and historical perspective. Prereq: jr st.

306 European Archaeology. 3 cr. U/G.

Old World cultural development focusing on prehistoric Europe from the Paleolithic to the Roman period; European developments compared to other parts of the Old World. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

307 World Archaeology: Foundations of Civilization. 3 cr. U/G.

Cultural developments in selected areas of Old and New Worlds; emphasis on origins of plant and animal domestication, sedentary life, and transition to urban civilization. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

308 Archaeology of North America. 3 cr. U/G.

Main pre-Columbian cultures on the North American continent, north of Mexico. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

309 Archaeology of Central and South America. 3 cr. U/G.

Main pre-Columbian cultures and civilizations of Central and South America, including the Caribbean. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

310 Archaeology of Middle America. 3 cr. U/G.

Historical development and ecological settings of cultures and civilizations in Mexico and Central America from earliest times to the Spanish conquest. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

311 (effective 01/25/2010) The World of the Ancient Maya. 3 cr. U/G.

Historical development of ancient Maya civilization from its origins to the Spanish Conquest. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

314 American Indian Societies and Cultures. 3 cr. U/G.

Description and analysis of selected indigenous American cultures including subsistence, sociopolitical organizations, beliefs and Euro-American Indian policy. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

315 Peoples and Cultures of Mexico and Central America. 3 cr. U/G.

Cultures of Mexico and Central America. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

320 Peoples and Cultures of Africa. 3 cr. U/G.

Description and analysis of the cultures of Africa, especially south of the Sahara. Pereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R); grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score 637 or higher on EPT.

322 Europe in Anthropological Perspective. 3 cr. U/G.

Key topics in the anthropology of Europe, including nationalism and ritual, gender and politics, borders and immigration, and bureaucracy and citizenship. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

325 Japanese Culture and Society. 3 cr. U/G.

Japanese culture and society, including marriage and the family, work life, education, rural and urban social organization, gender, ritual and life cycle. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

326 Peoples and Cultures of South Asia. 3 cr. U/G.

The subcontinent south of the Himalayas, including India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

328 Comparative Studies of Music, Race, and Gender in Nationalism. 3 cr. U/G.

A comparative study of the processes of nation-formation and of the roles played by race, gender, and music in constructing national identities. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R); grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score 637 or higher on EPT.

335 American Indians of the Southeast. 3 cr. U/G.

Description and analysis of Southeastern Indian cultures, including subsistence, sociopolitical organizations, beliefs, and Euro-American relations. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R) & 314(R).

349 Seminar in Ethnography and Cultural Processes. 3 cr. U/G.

How sociocultural processes are confronted and represented through the genre of ethnography; new monographs used to chart innovations in the form. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

354 Anthropology of Art. 3 cr. U/G.

Styles, techniques, and aesthetics of the arts of non-Western peoples; their relation to other aspects of culture, prehistoric and contemporary art in selected areas. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

361 Applications in Linguistic Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Advanced work in linguistic anthropology designed to give students applied skills in cross-linguistic studies. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 105(360)(P) or cons instr.

362 System Failure: Globalization and Language Extinction. 3 cr. U/G.

Role of globalization in the projected extinction of a large number of the world's languages within the next century. Anthro 362 & Global 362 are jointly offered; they count as repeats of one another. Prereq: jr st; a course in social science; a course in linguistic anthro; or cons instr.

366 Seminar in Aspects of Linguistic Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Investigations of selected topics in linguistic Anthropology, such as discourse analysis, pragmatics. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 360(P).

380 Anthropological Applications of GIS. 3 cr. U/G.

Use of GIS in archaeology, cultural anthropology, and physical anthropology. Prereq: jr st; a course in anthro.

400 Human Sociobiology. 3 cr. U/G.

Application of the principles of evolutionary theory and behavioral ecology to the social and cultural life of humans and other primates. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 101(R) or 102(R).

401 Primate Populations. 3 cr. U/G.

Ecological behavioral genetic and multidisciplinary field studies of nonhuman primates. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr; grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score of 637 or higher on EPT.

402 Primate Evolution. 3 cr. U/G.

Evolution, adaptation, and distribution of living primates, including humans, comparative primate adaptations and skeletal anatomy. Evolutionary theory and its application to the primate fossil record. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr.

403 The Human Skeleton. 3 cr. U/G.

Morphological and functional examination of the skeletal system. Microscopic and biomedical considerations of bone and cartilage, age, sex, and regional differences among modern human populations. Combined lec/lab. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr.

404 Seminar in Human Evolutionary Physiology. 3 cr. U/G.

Evolutionary principles influencing human populations. Variation within and between human groups. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr; grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score level 4 on EPT.

405 Forensic Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Techniques in the forensic analysis of human skeletal material. Introduction to death investigation and forensic pathology. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 403(P).

406 Evolutionary Biology & Human Diseases. 3 cr. U/G.

Evolutionary principles applied to our understanding of infectious and chronic diseases common to human populations, both past and present. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(R), Bio Sci 100(R) or 150(R).

408 Hormones and Behavior. 3 cr. U/G.

Roles of hormones in evolution and expression of animal behaviors, particularly aggression, stress, mating, parenting, and cognition; emphasis on humans. Counts as repeat of Anthro 641 w/same topic. Prereq: jr st; intro course in physical anthro, bio sci, or psych.

411 Human Evolution. 3 cr. U/G.

Evolution from non-human primate ancestors to anatomically modern humans. Phylogenetic and functional aspects of the human fossil record. Ecological adaptation of ancestral humans. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr.

425 Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways: Past and Present. 3 cr. U/G.

Cross-cultural comparisons of hunter-gatherer societies, including archaeological, ethnohistorical, and ethnographic approaches. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(P) or 103(P) or cons instr.

431 Urban Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Cross-cultural study of urban systems and subsystems; theories of evolution of urban society; concepts and methods in the study of human adaptations to cities. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

440 Medical Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Comparative study of medical systems; cultural meaning of illness and the healing process; social origins of disease. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(P); grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score of 637 or higher on EPT.

441 Nature, Knowledge, and Technoscience in Anthropological Perspective. 3H cr. U/G.

Anthropological approaches to contemporary issues of science in society; critical perspectives on knowledge construction with respect to culture and indigenous traditions, race, class and gender. Prereq: jr. st

443 Medicine and Pharmaceuticals in the Global Age. 3 cr. U/G.

The practices of medicine and the distribution of pharmaceuticals globally. Anthro 443 & Global 443 are jointly offered; they count as repeats of one another. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 440(R).

445 Psychological Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

The relationship between individual and society; cultural influences on cognition, personality, identity, and emotion; and the comparative study of mental disorder. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

446 The Child in Different Cultures. 3 cr. U/G.

Relationship of child development to particular cultural milieus; methods of child training in different cultures and their effects on the development of adult personality. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R) or Psych 101(R) or Sociol 101(R).

447 The Global Politics of Human Rights. 3 cr. U/G.

Historical and theoretical context of human rights discourse; anthropology of human rights; case studies of efforts to protect human rights in particular social settings. Anthro 447 & Global 447 are jointly offered; they count as repeats of one another. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

448 Cultural and Human Ecology. 3 cr. U/G.

Relationships of human societies to natural environments; energy systems involved in processes of human adaptation; ways in which culture and society operate as dynamic components of that exchange. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

449 Economic Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Uses and allocation of resources; modes of production and distribution and their relationship to kinship, politics, and other aspects of culture. Prereq: jr st.

450 Political Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Political organization: forms of authority, responsibility, accountability, and power in societies at different levels of social complexity and in different ecological contexts. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

460 Anthropological Theory. 3 cr. U/G.

Critical examination of the development and current status of the major paradigms and theories employed in anthropological studies. Prereq: sr st; Anthro 102(R).

465 Historic Preservation in Archaeology. 3 cr. U/G.

Historic preservation and cultural resource management in American archaeology; the legislative base, federal and state programs, the national register, regional planning, and research orientations. Prereq: jr st.

501 Archaeology of Death. 3 cr. U/G.

Archaeological study of mortuary behavior and osteology to understand cultural variability in social organization, disease, nutrition, and violence. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr; grade of C or better in English 102(P) or score 637 or higher on EPT.

525 Zooarchaeology: Analysis of Faunal Remains. 3 cr. U/G.

Theory and method, including practical labs, in the analysis of animal remains from archaeological contexts. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

540 Applications of Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Uses of anthropological concepts, methods, and findings in human problems resulting from culture change. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

543 Cross-Cultural Study of Religion. 3 cr. U/G.

Various approaches to the study of religion; religions of selected non-Western societies. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

560 Introduction to Research Methods in Anthropology. 3 cr. U/G.

Problem and research design formulation. How to ask and answer scientific questions using methods and techniques common to all fields of anthropology. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

561 Techniques and Problems in Ethnography. 3 cr. U/G.

Methods of fieldwork for cultural anthropologists; design of field studies; techniques for collection and analysis of field data; field projects. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 102(R).

562 Techniques and Problems in Archaeology. 3 cr. U/G.

Methods of fieldwork in archaeology; strategies of archaeological investigations; introduction to archaeological site mapping 2 hrs lec, 3 hrs lab Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

562 (effective 01/25/2010) Techniques and Problems in Archaeology. 3 cr. U/G.

Methods of fieldwork in archaeology; strategies of archaeological investigations; introduction to archaeological site mapping Lec, lab. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

565 Seminar in Regional Archaeology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. U/G.

Seminar in archaeology of specific geographic areas. Consult Schedule of Classes for specific semester's content. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

566 Archaeological Analysis and Report Preparation: (Subtitled). 3 or 6 cr. U/G.

Students will organize, describe, analyze, and interpret actual archaeological materials. Each student will assist in writing an archaeological report. Fee assessed according to nature and location of field trips. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 103(P) or cons instr.

567 Archaeological Field School. 3 or 6 cr. U/G.

Archaeological methods and techniques under field conditions, at one or more sites. Field work five days a week, evening lectures. Fee assessed according to nature and location of field school. Retakable to 9 cr max. Prereq: jr st; cons instr.

568 Introduction to Anthropological Statistics. 3 cr. U/G.

Statistical models and their basic assumptions; statistical inference in biological and cultural anthropology; probability theory; nonparametric and parametric methods. Prereq: jr st; Anthro 101(P) or 102(P) or 103(P) or cons instr.

636 (effective 01/25/2010) Geochronology. 3 cr. U/G.

Theory and application of radiometric and other numerical dating methods in geology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology. Anthro 636 & Geo Sci 636 are jointly offered; they count as repeats of one another. Prereq: jr st, Anthro 101(P) or 103(P) or Geo Sci 100(P), & cons instr; or grad st & cons instr.

636 Geochronology. 3 cr. U/G.

Theory and application of radiometric and other numerical dating methods in geology, archaeology, and paleoanthropology. Anthro 636 & Geo Sci 636 are jointly offered; they count as repeats of one another. Prereq: jr st & Anthro 101(P) or 103(P) or Geo Sci 100(P); or grad st.

641 Seminar in Anthropology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. U/G.

A research seminar in any of the several recognized areas of anthropology. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: jr st, Anthro 101(P) or 102(P) or 103(P); or grad st.

651 Biology of the Primates. 3 cr. U/G.

Gross and microscopic functional anatomy, molecular biology, distribution, adaptation, and behavior of living nonhuman primates as related to problems of human biology and human evolution. Prereq: sr st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr.

701 Problems, Methods, and Techniques in Physical Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

Lectures and individual student projects concerning problems in physical anthropology and methods and techniques useful in their solutions. Prereq: grad st; Anthro 301(P) or cons instr.

705 Advanced Topics in Ethnography: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

Critical examination of peoples and cultures of selected areas of the world. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st.

720 (620) History and Theory of Museums. 3 cr. G.

History of the museum idea and its contemporary forms; educational, scientific, and changing uses of museums; museums and other institutions; museum professionalism and ethics. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

721 (621) Administration and Organization of Museums. 3 cr. G.

Administration and organizational problems in modern museums; finances and budgets; legal-administrative problems; relations with support groups and volunteers, record keeping, management of museum projects. Prereq: grad st; cons instr; grade of B or better in Anthro 720(P).

722 Museum Exhibits. 3 cr. G.

Exhibit techniques and technology, philosophy and ethics of museum display, care of exhibit specimens; research use of exhibits. Practical assignments in exhibit design and installation. Prereq: grad st; cons instr; grade B or better in Anthro 721(P).

723 Museum Curation. 3 cr. G.

Practicum in the collection, organization, storage, care and scientific use of museum collections. Projects available in various specialties, dependent upon interest and special faculty arrangements. Prereq: grad st; cons instr; grade B or better in Anthro 721(P).

724 Internship in Museum Studies. 3 cr. G.

Supervised practical experience in museums arranged on an individual basis. Prereq: grad st; Anthro 720(P); cons instr.

740 Advanced Topics in Medical Anthropology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

Selected problems in comparative study of health, illness, and health care systems. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; Anthro 440(R) or Sociol 331(R).

744 Theories of Social Action: Understanding Agency & Social Structure. 3 cr. G.

Seminar on theories of social action. Practice and performance theories and the structure vs. agency debate. Prereq: grad st.

761 Cross-Cultural Research: Problems in Comparative Method and Theory. 3 cr. G.

Systematic review of concepts, methods and selected findings in the area of comparative, largely cross-cultural, research in anthropology and related fields. Prereq: grad st.

762 Advanced Archaeological Analysis: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

Study and practice in major phases of archaeological analysis. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

763 Professionalism in Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

Skills needed to work in academia or an applied field; relevant to any of the four sub-fields or anthropology (archaeology, cultural, biological, or linguistic). Prereq: grad st.

768 Topics in Advanced Research Design in Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

Methods of fitting various models to qualitative categorizations of archaeological, ethnographical, and biological data. Includes chi-square and multiclassificatory chi-squares, scaling, cluster analysis, markov chains, and game theory. Prereq: grad st; Anthro 568(R).

797 Study Abroad: (Subtitled). 1-6 cr. G.

Allows graduate students to enroll in UWM sponsored program before course work level, content, and credits are determined and/or in specifically-prepared program course work. Retakable w/ chg in topic. Prereq: grad st; acceptance in Study Abroad Prog.

801 A Survey of Physical Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

Reviews biological principles essential to an understanding of evolution. Reviews fields central to physical anthropology and human evolution: primatology, paleontology, anatomy, human genetics, population genetics. Prereq: grad st.

802 Perspectives on Prehistory. 3 cr. G.

Surveys current theoretical and methodological concepts in archaeology, and their application to specific research problems. Readings include studies from both the old and new worlds. Prereq: grad st.

803 Survey of Cultural Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

A survey of major theoretical and methodological issues central to cultural anthropology. Prereq: grad st.

804 Linguistic Anthropology. 3 cr. G.

A survey of major theoretical and methodological issues central to cultural anthropology. Prereq: grad st.

888 Candidate for Degree. 0 cr. G.

Available for graduate students who must meet minimum credit load requirement. Fee for 1 cr will be assessed. Prereq: grad st.

920 Advanced Seminar in Museological Problems. 3 cr. G.

Use of museum collections/museums to examine museum work regarding legal considerations, ethics, documentation; use of collections to test theories and develop conceptual exhibits. Prereq: grad st; Anthro 720(P).

940 Seminar in Problems in Cultural Anthropology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

Content varies. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

942 Seminar in Prehistory and Archaeology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

- Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

950 Seminar in Problems in Physical Anthropology: (Subtitled). 3 cr. G.

- Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

969 Seminar in Linguistic Anthropology: 3 cr. G.

Advanced topics in the anthropological study of language. Retakable w/chg in topic to 9 cr max. Prereq: grad st; cons instr.

990 Research and Thesis. 1-3 cr. G.

- Prereq: grad st; writ cons instr; writ cons dept chair.

999 Advanced Independent Study. 1-3 cr. G.

- Retakable to 6 cr max. Prereq: grad st; writ cons instr.